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[[19th Early History#16th Century|18831582]] - – The [[wikipedia:Orient Express|Orient Express]], a transcontinental railroad on Earth, begins service between [[Paris]] and IstanbulGregorian Calendar is introduced by Pope Gregory XIII. <br />[[1957]] – Launch of ''Sputnik I'', the first artificial [[satellite ]] to [[orbit ]] the [[Earth]].<br />[[1959]] - – The Russian [[satellite ]] ''Luna 3 '' is launched, orbiting the [[Luna|Moon]] and photographing 70 percent % of the Moon's far side.<br />[[2004]] – SpaceShipOne wins Ansari X Prize for private spaceflight. By being the first private craft to fly into space.<br />[[2004]] - Death of American astronaut Leroy Gordon Cooper, Jr., one of the first astronauts and the first American to sleep in orbit.